By: Ardis E. Parshall - June 18, 2014 Before there were itty bitty chips inside wafer-thin iPods and cellphones, there were transistors inside hand-held radios and portable televisions – gadgets that seem like bricks today, but which were masterpieces of miniaturization in the 1960s and ’70s. Before transistors, electronics were controlled by multiple glass-and-metal vacuum tubes of various shapes and sizes. These tubes burned out w...
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